What defines balloon frame construction?

Balloon frame construction is characterized by a method where the wall studs run continuously from the foundation all the way to the roof, without interruption by horizontal framing members at each floor level. This design allows for greater height and quicker construction as it eliminates the need for individual floor framing between the studs.

In this construction method, the wall studs serve as the primary structural support, providing both vertical and lateral stability. This can influence how heat and fire travel through the building, as the continuous studs create potential channels for flames. Understanding this feature is critical for firefighters during emergencies, as they need to recognize the potential fire spread patterns in balloon frame structures.

The other options describe different construction methods or materials that do not apply to balloon frame construction. For example, stone walls indicate a masonry construction and independent floor systems describe platform frame construction, while the use of metal is more relevant in modern construction techniques, particularly in commercial buildings or lightweight metal frame constructions.